Software Metrics and its Applications - There are many different ways in which Software Metrics can be used, some of which are almost specialties in their own right. There are also many ways in which the domain of Software Metrics can be divided. |
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There are many different ways in which Software Metrics can be used, some of which are almost specialties in their own right. There are also many ways in which the domain of Software Metrics can be divided.
Author: Venkatesh Pai
Date: Aug 26, 2009 - 1:58:41 PM
The software Metrics can be
defined as
"The
continuous application of measurement-based techniques to the software
development process and its products to supply meaningful and timely management
information, together with the use of those techniques to improve that process
and its products."
Software
Metrics is all about measurement which in turn involves numbers; the use of
numbers to make things better, to improve the process of developing software
and to improve all aspects of the management of that process. Software Metrics
are applicable to the whole development lifecycle from initiation, when costs
must be estimated; to monitoring the reliability of the end product in the
field and the way that product changes over time with enhancement. It covers
engineers or programmers using techniques to spot error-prone components before
they get as far as coding and controlling a project as it progresses so that
the fact that it is going to be six months late is recognized as early as
possible rather than the day before delivery is due.
There are
many different ways in which Software Metrics can be used, some of which are
almost specialties in their own right. There are also many ways in which the
domain of Software Metrics can be divided.
The most
established area of Software Metrics has to be cost and size estimation
techniques. There are many proprietary packages on the market that will provide
estimates of software system size, cost to develop a system and the duration of
a development or enhancement project. These packages are based on estimation
models, the best known of these being the Constructive Cost Model (COCOMO),
developed by Barry Boehm, and subsequently updated based on the experiences of
many companies and individuals, Various techniques, that do not require the use
of tools are also available.
There has
been a great deal of research carried out in this area and this research
continues in the
Controlling
software development projects through measurement is an area that is generating
a great deal of interest, both in Europe and the
The
prediction of quality levels for software, often in terms of reliability, is
another area where Software Metrics has an important role to play. Again, there
are proprietary models on the market that can assist with this but debate
continues about the accuracy of these. The requirement is there, both from the
customers point of view and that of the developer who needs to control testing
and proving costs. Various techniques can be used now, and this area will
become more and more important in the future.
The use
of Software Metrics to provide quantitative checks on software designs is also
a well established area. Much research has been carried out, and some
organizations have used such techniques to very good effect. This area of
Software Metrics is also being used to control software products that are in
place and that are subject to enhancement.
Other
applications of Software Metrics include research into the effect of soft or
environmental factors on the effectiveness of the development process. Some
years ago, this prompted one large organization to build a development complex
specifically designed with the needs of engineers or programmers in mind.
This option is not open to most organizations but there is usually a great deal
that can be done to improve the development process by making changes to the
environment that process operates in.
Measurement
can be used to identify where change should be concentrated. Just starting to
measure soft factors can often lead to useful insights regarding the way in
which a process operates and this can lead to benefits to a business by
improving performance in key areas such as lead time to market.
Using
measured quantities to compare your own organization with others is an
extremely popular area of Software Metrics, especially for senior managers.
This is most commonly referred to as "Benchmarking" and indeed, it is
often why a measurement program starts in the first place. Benchmarking does,
however, involve effort on the part of the organization, so the benefits must
be weighed against the costs. One result of using such an approach is that you
can actually discover that you were as bad as you thought but that most other
organizations are also as bad! This can be very useful information, but even
more importantly such a service can help you identify who is "best in
class." Once you have this information you can learn a great deal from it.
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